<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n\t\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130T\u00dc) \u0130klim Bilimi ve Meteoroloji M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Mikdat Kad\u0131o\u011flu, kentin \u00f6zellikle kuzey il\u00e7elerinde ya\u015fananlar\u0131n, b\u00f6lgenin kendi imkanlar\u0131yla ba\u015f edemeyece\u011fi bir tablo ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
\n\tAyn\u0131 g\u00fcn, ayn\u0131 kentteki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n, afetin olu\u015fumunda ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerin \u00f6zelliklerinin ve kentteki altyap\u0131n\u0131n da belirleyici oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirten Kad\u0131o\u011flu, “14 Ekim saat 23.03 itibar\u0131yla son 24 saatlik \u00f6n ya\u011f\u0131\u015f verilerine g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul’un Beykoz il\u00e7esinde metrekareye 230,3 kilogram ya\u011f\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu miktar, kentin ekim ay\u0131 ortalama toplam ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan 66,3 kilogram\u0131n neredeyse 3,5 kat\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\n\tKuzey il\u00e7elerinde k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede d\u00fc\u015fen \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n etkisine dikkati \u00e7eken Kad\u0131o\u011flu, bu nedenle kent geneline tek bir sar\u0131 uyar\u0131 vermenin riskin yerini ve \u015fiddetini anlatmaya yetmeyece\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tYa\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131n\u0131n, metrekareye d\u00fc\u015fen suyun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne i\u015faret eden Kad\u0131o\u011flu, “1 milimetre ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, metrekareye 1 litre, yani 1 kilogram su d\u00fc\u015fmesi demektir. Metrekareye 100 kilogram ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, suyun akmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u0131zmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda 10 santimetre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde bir tabaka olu\u015fturur. Beykoz’da \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, 100 metrekarelik bir \u00e7at\u0131ya yakla\u015f\u0131k 24 ton su d\u00fc\u015fmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor.” bilgisini verdi.<\/p>\n
\n\tRekor ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki etkenlerden bahseden Kad\u0131o\u011flu, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu:<\/p>\n
\n\t“\u0130stanbul’daki \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015fta Karadeniz’in yakla\u015f\u0131k 19,5-20 dereceye ula\u015fan su s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, Balkanlar’dan gelen so\u011fuk hava ve deniz \u00fczerinden nem ta\u015f\u0131yan poyrazla birle\u015fmesi etkili oldu. S\u0131cak denizler atmosfere nem sa\u011flayarak kuvvetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 besleyebilir ancak tek bir ya\u011f\u0131\u015f olay\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir at\u0131f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetini art\u0131rabilir. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi olmasayd\u0131 da dere yata\u011f\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bina su alacakt\u0131, bodrumdaki pano yine elektrik verecekti, alt ge\u00e7it yine dolacakt\u0131. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tehlikeyi bir miktar b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyor, afeti biz b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyoruz. El Nino da \u0130stanbul’daki ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n do\u011frudan nedeni olarak g\u00f6sterilemez.”<\/p>\n
\n\tKad\u0131o\u011flu, beton ve asfalt y\u00fczeylerde ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n topra\u011fa s\u0131zamadan y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti\u011fine ve yer\u00e7ekimiyle en al\u00e7ak noktalara, dere yataklar\u0131na, alt ge\u00e7itlere ve bodrum katlara akt\u0131\u011f\u0131na de\u011findi.<\/p>\n
\n\tA\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na afete neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131, dere yataklar\u0131ndaki yap\u0131la\u015fma, yetersiz altyap\u0131 ve geciken idari kararlar\u0131n zarar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne i\u015faret eden Kad\u0131o\u011flu, “Ya\u011fmur bir tehlike. Afet, o tehlikenin bizim haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z, yanl\u0131\u015f yere kurulmu\u015f ve yanl\u0131\u015f i\u015fletilen kentimizle bulu\u015ftu\u011funda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7tur. Bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fananlar yerel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir afettir. Ama ‘do\u011fal afet’ demeyelim. Ya\u011fmur do\u011fald\u0131r, afet insan yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\t\u0130stanbul’daki ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131n meteorolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra havzan\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve insan m\u00fcdahalesiyle \u015fekillendi\u011fini anlatan Kad\u0131o\u011flu, dere yataklar\u0131n\u0131n yol, otopark ve konut alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin riski art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
\n\t\u0130stanbul’da ya\u011fmur suyu ve at\u0131k su sistemlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde birle\u015fik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n da sorun olu\u015fturdu\u011funa de\u011finen Kad\u0131o\u011flu, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarda kanalizasyonun geri tepebildi\u011fini ve bodrumlara giren suyun sa\u011fl\u0131k riski olu\u015fturdu\u011fu uyar\u0131s\u0131nda da bulundu.<\/p>\n
\n\tKad\u0131o\u011flu, altyap\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin yaln\u0131zca daha b\u00fcy\u00fck borular d\u00f6\u015femekle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayarak \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
\n\t“\u00dcst\u00fc kapat\u0131larak yol, otopark ve konut alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen dereler yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131, dere yataklar\u0131n\u0131 daraltan dolgular kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131 sular\u0131 depolanmal\u0131, parklar ve meydanlar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda suyu ge\u00e7ici olarak tutabilecek \u015fekilde tasarlanmal\u0131. Ya\u011fmur suyu ve at\u0131k su hatlar\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131lmal\u0131. Ta\u015fk\u0131n haritalar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131 ve bu haritalar dikkate al\u0131nmadan riskli alanlarda yap\u0131la\u015fmaya izin verilmemeli. Sorun yaln\u0131zca borular\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi de\u011fil, suyun do\u011fal ak\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kentlerin buna g\u00f6re planlanmamas\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
\n\tElektrik panolar\u0131 ve jenerat\u00f6rlerin ta\u015fk\u0131n seviyesinin \u00fczerine al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, riskli alanlardaki bodrum kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve otopark giri\u015flerinde su bariyerleri kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neren Kad\u0131o\u011flu, ta\u015fk\u0131n tehlike haritalar\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir “sel yap\u0131 y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi” haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n
\n\tVatanda\u015flar\u0131n adresleri \u00fczerinden ta\u015fk\u0131n riskini \u00f6\u011frenebilece\u011fi haritalar\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen Kad\u0131o\u011flu, alt ge\u00e7itlerde su seviyesi 15 santimetreye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik kapanan bariyerler ve dere kenarlar\u0131nda erken uyar\u0131 sistemleri kurulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerisinde bulundu.<\/p>\n