<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n\tAd\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbul’u fetheden Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 Fatih Sultan Mehmet’ten alan ve “Bo\u011faz’\u0131n ikinci gerdanl\u0131\u011f\u0131” olarak bilinen k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn 3 Temmuz 1988’deki a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 38 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n
\n\tUla\u015ft\u0131rma ve Altyap\u0131 Bakan\u0131 Abdulkadir Uralo\u011flu, FSM K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn hizmete al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin g\u00fcvenli, konforlu ve h\u0131zl\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn, Yavuz Sultan Selim K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na kadar uzun y\u0131llar uluslararas\u0131 transit ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve a\u011f\u0131r ta\u015f\u0131t trafi\u011finin ge\u00e7i\u015f g\u00fczergah\u0131 oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\t“FSM K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’nden g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama 240 bine yak\u0131n ara\u00e7 ge\u00e7iyor. A\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden bu yana 2 milyar 288 milyon ara\u00e7 ge\u00e7i\u015fi oldu.” ifadelerini kullanan Uralo\u011flu, FSM K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc ve 15 Temmuz \u015eehitler K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn zamanla ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131 \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131’nda Yavuz Sultan Selim K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc ve Avrasya T\u00fcneli gibi alternatif ge\u00e7i\u015f g\u00fczergahlar\u0131n\u0131 hizmete sunduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tHayata ge\u00e7irdikleri projelerle mesafeleri k\u0131saltt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n vakitten ve yak\u0131ttan tasarruf etmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, karbon sal\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak \u00e7evre kirlili\u011finin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7tiklerini ifade eden Bakan Uralo\u011flu, h\u0131zl\u0131, g\u00fcvenli ve konforlu ula\u015f\u0131m imkan\u0131 sa\u011flayan projelerin bak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar dahilinde 7 g\u00fcn\/24 saat esasl\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6zlerine ekledi.<\/p>\n
\n\tAsya ile Avrupa aras\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ticaretin, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkile\u015fimin ve ekonomik hayat\u0131n bulu\u015fma noktas\u0131 olan \u0130stanbul, 15 milyon 754 bin ki\u015fiye ula\u015fan n\u00fcfusuyla T\u00fcrkiye’nin y\u00fczde 18,3’\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\n\tD\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 \u015fehirleri aras\u0131nda bulunan \u0130stanbul, binlerce y\u0131la dayanan tarihiyle de \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bu yana bir\u00e7ok medeniyete ev sahipli\u011fi yapan kentin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getirme fikri milattan \u00f6nceye kadar uzan\u0131rken, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra h\u0131zl\u0131 bir kentle\u015fme s\u00fcrecine girilmesiyle k\u00f6pr\u00fc ihtiyac\u0131 da artt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tZamanla yerle\u015fim yerlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgalar\u0131, ekonomik faaliyetlerin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi ve trafi\u011fin artmas\u0131yla \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131 i\u00e7in hep bir hayal olan k\u00f6pr\u00fclerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ad\u0131na ilk ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ld\u0131 ve 30 Ekim 1973’te Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc hizmete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tAsya ve Avrupa aras\u0131ndaki ilk sabit ba\u011flant\u0131 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan gerek T\u00fcrkiye’nin ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131 gerekse \u0130stanbul \u00e7evresindeki h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fme ve n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fi beklentilerin \u00fczerinde h\u0131zla artt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tK\u00f6pr\u00fc ilk y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcnde ortalama 32 bin 520 araca hizmet verirken, bu say\u0131 14. hizmet y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama 130 bin seviyelerine y\u00fckseldi. K\u00f6pr\u00fcdeki bu yo\u011funluk hizmet kalitesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrken, kentte ikinci bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaruri hale getirdi. B\u00f6ylece Fransa \u0130mparatoru Napolyon Bonapart’\u0131n “D\u00fcnya bir \u00fclke olsayd\u0131 ba\u015fkenti \u0130stanbul olurdu” s\u00f6zleriyle ifade etti\u011fi megakentte ikinci bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc i\u00e7in 1985’te harekete ge\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n
\n\t\u0130lk bo\u011faz k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcyle \u00fclke ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6nemi olan k\u0131talararas\u0131 kara yolu ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 yollardaki trafik hacmini art\u0131r\u0131rken, Avrupa ve Anadolu otoyollar\u0131n\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek kapasitedeki bir \u00e7evre yoluyla ba\u011flamak amac\u0131yla Fatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc ve 217 kilometrelik K\u0131nal\u0131-Sakarya Otoyolu in\u015fa edildi.<\/p>\n
\n\tFatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn temeli ise \u0130stanbul ad\u0131na \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131 olan ve kentin fethedildi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcne denk gelen 29 May\u0131s 1985’te at\u0131ld\u0131. Yap\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 4 Aral\u0131k 1985’te ba\u015flanan k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk tabliyesi 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1987’de yerine yerle\u015ftirilirken, 4 \u015eubat 1988’de tabliyelerin montaj\u0131 tamamland\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tYap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in 1100 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u00f6pr\u00fc, taahh\u00fct edilenden 192 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce 29 May\u0131s 1988’de tamamland\u0131 ve 3 Temmuz 1988’de hizmete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n\tHalihaz\u0131rda kentin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan 4 farkl\u0131 kara yolu (15 Temmuz \u015eehitler K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, Fatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, Yavuz Sultan Selim K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc ve Avrasya T\u00fcneli) aras\u0131nda Fatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan ula\u015f\u0131m projesi olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\n\t15 Temmuz \u015eehitler K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’nden yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 kilometre kuzeyde, Bo\u011faz’\u0131n Rumeli yakas\u0131nda Hisar\u00fcst\u00fc ile Anadolu Yakas\u0131’ndaki Kavac\u0131k mevkileri aras\u0131nda yer alan Fatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn orta a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1090 metre olup kule temelleri Bo\u011faz’\u0131n iki yakas\u0131ndaki yama\u00e7lara yerle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n
\n\tK\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fey gabarisi uluslararas\u0131 denizcilik standartlar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde 64 metre olarak belirlenirken, k\u00f6pr\u00fc kule temelleri ve ankraj bloklar\u0131, Avrupa ve Anadolu yakalar\u0131nda devoniyen sistemine ait kire\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131 ve yumrulu kire\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131 formasyonu \u00fczerine in\u015fa edildi.<\/p>\n
\n\tYap\u0131n\u0131n iki ucunda, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ana kablolardan gelen \u00e7ekme y\u00fcklerini kaya zemine aktaran planda ise 50×60 metre boyutunda ve 35 metre kadar derinlikte masif betonarme birer ankraj bloku yer al\u0131yor. Ankraj bloklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde kablolar\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi birer oda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\n\tToplam geni\u015fli\u011fi 39,4 metre, tabliye say\u0131s\u0131 62, denizden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 64 metre, kule y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 107,1 metre olan k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn kulelerinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 7 bin tonu buluyor.<\/p>\n